Покажите какие плюшки и как подключить чтобы было видно как работает код
а то после
avr-gcc -mmcu=atmega8 -nostartfiles -Wl,--undefined=_mmcu blink.s -o blink.elf
ничего не видно, а после
ничего не понятно.
Где синтаксис взять, а то тыкаться устал
;;; Blinks LED on PB0 (pin 14) using a simple delay loop.
; blink.s — AVR GAS syntax for avr-gcc
; Symbol definitions (note the comma in .equ)
.equ DDRB, 0x37 ; I/O address of DDRB for ATmega8
.equ PORTB, 0x38 ; I/O address of PORTB
.equ PB0, 0 ; bit number 0
.org 0x0000
rjmp reset ; reset vector
reset:
ldi r16, (1 << PB0) ; PB0 is a plain constant
out DDRB, r16 ; set PB0 as output
loop:
ldi r16, (1<<PB0) ; PB0 high
out PORTB, r16
rcall DELAY
ldi r16, (0<<PB0) ; PB0 low
out PORTB, r16
rcall DELAY
rjmp loop
DELAY:
ldi r17, 200
D1: dec r17
brne D1
ldi r18, 255
D2: dec r18
brne D2
ret
/* Define the .mmcu section for simavr */
.section .mmcu,"a",@progbits
/* VCD Trace Header: tells simavr to create 'trace.vcd' */
.byte 0x01 /* tag for AVR_MMCU_TAG_VCD_TRACE */
.byte 24 /* size of this chunk */
.asciz "trace.vcd" /* filename */
/* Trace entry: Monitor PORTB (Address 0x38 for ATmega8) */
.byte 0x02 /* tag for a trace symbol */
.byte 8 /* size */
.byte 0x38 /* address of PORTB in ATmega8 */
.byte 0x01 /* mask (bit 0) */
.asciz "LED_PIN" /* name of the trace in GTKWave */
.byte 0x00 /* End of section */
Вот, что ИИ советует
To make pure-assembler projects behave like they did in AVR Studio, you mainly need to:
Assemble and link via avr-gcc (using the right -mmcu) rather than calling avr-as/avr-ld directly.
Use avr-objcopy and avr-size in the same way as for C, just changing how you pass the source.
Assembling like AVR Studio
Typical command for one .S (or .asm) file:
bash
avr-gcc -mmcu=atmega328p -x assembler-with-cpp -Wa,-gstabs \
-c main.S -o main.o
Notes:
-mmcu=... selects the same device as in AVR Studio’s project settings.
-x assembler-with-cpp lets you use #define, #include, etc., through the C preprocessor (Studio often did that behind the scenes).
-Wa,options passes options to the assembler; -gstabs or -g lets you debug in GDB/simulavr similarly to Studio’s debug info.
If you don’t want the C preprocessor, just use:
bash
avr-gcc -mmcu=atmega328p -x assembler -c main.S -o main.o
(or rename to .s and drop -x entirely).
Linking and startup like Studio
If you want a “full” application with reset vector, interrupt vectors, and the C runtime (like a C project in Studio), you typically:
Provide your own entry label (often _start or similar) in assembly.
Link with the standard libraries and startup from avr-libc via avr-gcc:
bash
avr-gcc -mmcu=atmega328p -Wl,-Map=project.map \
main.o other.o -o project.elf
If you want only your own hand‑written vectors and no C runtime, you can still use avr-gcc as a driver but add linker flags (linker script, no crt, etc.); for example:
bash
avr-gcc -mmcu=atmega328p -nostartfiles -nostdlib \
-Wl,-Map=project.map,-Tyour_linker_script.ld \
main.o -o project.elf
That corresponds more to a “bare” AVR Studio asm project where you manage vector table and initialization yourself.
Generating HEX and size info
Same idea as in a C project; just apply to your .elf:
bash
avr-objcopy -O ihex -R .eeprom project.elf project.hex
avr-objcopy -O ihex -j .eeprom --set-section-flags .eeprom=alloc,load \
--change-section-lma .eeprom=0 \
project.elf project_eeprom.hex
avr-size -C --mcu=atmega328p project.elf
This will give you HEX and size output very similar to Studio’s.
Minimal “AVR Studio‑style” asm Makefile
For an all‑assembly project:
MCU = atmega328p
CC = avr-gcc
OBJCOPY = avr-objcopy
SIZE = avr-size
ASFLAGS = -mmcu=$(MCU) -x assembler-with-cpp -Wa,-gstabs
LDFLAGS = -mmcu=$(MCU) -Wl,-Map=project.map
all: project.hex
project.elf: main.o
$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) $^ -o $@
%.o: %.S
$(CC) $(ASFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
project.hex: project.elf
$(OBJCOPY) -O ihex -R .eeprom $< $@
$(SIZE) -C --mcu=$(MCU) $<