Postfix не подымает 25 порт.

А в /etc/postfix/master.cf прописан сервис smtp? И что в логи пишет (/var/log/mail.{log,err} или местный аналог)?

>А в /etc/postfix/master.cf прописан сервис smtp?

А как эта запись должна выглядеть?

ss -l4

user1@mainsrv:/etc/postfix# ss -l4
Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
0 50 127.0.0.1:mysql *:*
0 128 *:pop3 *:*
0 128 *:imap2 *:*
0 128 *:cisco-sccp *:*
0 128 *:www *:*
0 3 192.168.1.1:domain *:*
0 3 127.0.0.1:domain *:*
0 128 *:ssh *:*
0 128 127.0.0.1:953 *:*
0 128 *:https *:*
0 128 *:imaps *:*
0 128 *:pop3s *:*

Значит надо смотреть логи /var/log/mail.{log,err}.

Глупый вопрос: postfix запущен? service postfix start? pgrep -l master

А сам порт-то открыт? Или, может, в hosts.allow надо чего-нибудь черкнуть?

>Глупый вопрос: postfix запущен? service postfix start? pgrep -l master

user1@mainsrv:/etc/postfix# /etc/init.d/postfix restart
* Stopping Postfix Mail Transport Agent postfix [ OK ]
* Starting Postfix Mail Transport Agent postfix [ OK ]

/var/log/mail.err пуст
/var/log/mail.log пуст

>А сам порт-то открыт? Или, может, в hosts.allow надо чего-нибудь черкнуть?

А можно подробнее. Зачем там что-то писать? Допустим разрешу smtp:localhost. И у меня порт откроется?

открытый порт локально проверяешь или с внешки?

Локально и с внешки. Там и там не работает.

cat /var/log/syslog в студию пожалуйста (то место, когда вы рестартите демона)

Jun 24 13:11:58 mainsrv postfix/master[14683]: terminating on signal 15
Jun 24 13:11:58 mainsrv postfix/master[15031]: warning: /etc/postfix/master.cf: logical line must not start with whitespace: " smtp inet..."
Jun 24 13:11:58 mainsrv postfix/master[15031]: daemon started — version 2.7.0, configuration /etc/postfix



logical line must not start with whitespace: " smtp inet..." это чего такое?

убери пробел в начале строки

Какой строки?

гугление показало, что всё дело в пробелах в конфиге

Все строки начинающиеся с символов отличных от \n, # и [:space:] считаются началом описания транспорта, а строчки начинающиеся со [:space:] есть продолжение описания транспорта.

откорректируйте все конфиги в соответствии с этим

>warning: /etc/postfix/master.cf: logical line must not start with whitespace: " smtp inet..."

то бишь в /etc/postfix/master.cf, вестимо

Ничего не понял. 20 раз прочел цитату и все равно ничего не понял. Можно Вас попросить показать на примере? Конфиг приведен выше.

cat /etc/postfix/master.cf

В студию, в смысле

user1@mainsrv:/etc/postfix# cat /etc/postfix/master.cf
#
# Postfix master process configuration file. For details on the format
# of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: «man 5 master»).
#
# Do not forget to execute «postfix reload» after editing this file.
#
# ==========================================================================
# service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args
# (yes) (yes) (yes) (never) (100)
# ==========================================================================
smtp inet n - n - - smtpd

#submission inet n - - - - smtpd
# -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
# -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
# -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#smtps inet n - - - - smtpd
# -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes
# -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
# -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#628 inet n - - - - qmqpd
pickup fifo n - - 60 1 pickup
cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup
qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 qmgr
#qmgr fifo n - - 300 1 oqmgr
tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr
rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite
bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce
defer unix - - - - 0 bounce
trace unix - - - - 0 bounce
verify unix - - - - 1 verify
flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush
proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap
proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap
smtp unix - - - - - smtp
# When relaying mail as backup MX, disable fallback_relay to avoid MX loops
relay unix - - - - -

smtp
-o smtp_fallback_relay=
# -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5
showq unix n - - - - showq
error unix - - - - - error
retry unix - - - - - error
discard unix - - - - - discard
local unix - n n - - local
virtual unix - n n - - virtual
lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp
anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil
scache unix - - - - 1 scache
#
# ====================================================================
# Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual
# pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants.
#
# Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery
# agent. See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient}
# and other message envelope options.
# ====================================================================
#
# maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details.
# Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
maildrop unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
#
# See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details.
#
uucp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient)
#
# Other external delivery methods.
#
ifmail unix - n n - - pipe
flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient)
bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient
scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe
flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension}
mailman unix - n n - - pipe
flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py
${nexthop} ${user}

# delivery through dovecot
dovecot unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=mail:mail argv=/usr/lib/dovecot/deliver -d $(recipient)

# Amavis -o receive_override_options=no_header_body_checks,no_unknown_recipient_checks
smtp-amavis unix - - - - 2 smtp
-o smtp_data_done_timeout=1200
-o smtp_send_xforward_command=yes
-o disable_dns_lookups=yes
-o max_use=20

127.0.0.1:10025 inet n - - - - smtpd
-o content_filter=
-o local_recipient_maps=
-o relay_recipient_maps=
-o smtpd_restriction_classes=
-o smtpd_delay_reject=no
-o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,reject
-o smtpd_helo_restrictions=
-o smtpd_sender_restrictions=
-o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=permit_mynetworks,reject
-o smtpd_data_restrictions=reject_unauth_pipelining
-o smtpd_end_of_data_restrictions=
-o mynetworks=127.0.0.0/8
-o smtpd_error_sleep_time=0
-o smtpd_soft_error_limit=1001
-o smtpd_hard_error_limit=1000
-o smtpd_client_connection_count_limit=0
-o smtpd_client_connection_rate_limit=0
-o receive_override_options=no_header_body_checks,no_unknown_recipient_checks
flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush
proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap
trace unix - - - - 0 bounce
verify unix - - - - 1 verify
tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr
anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil
scache unix - - - - 1 scache
discard unix - - - - - discard
retry unix - - - - - error
relay unix - - n - - smtp -o smtp_fallback_relay=
# -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5

после строки

smtp inet n - n - - smtpd

ЗЫ. Postfix никогда не настраивал, за правильность конфига не ручаюсь.

" smtp inet..." вестимо

Jun 24 14:11:57 mainsrv postfix/master[15897]: fatal: /etc/postfix/master.cf: line 40: bad transport type: smtp_fallback_relay=


Весело тут. Ниже 40 строка master.cf


# -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5



На сколько я понимаю строка закоментированна. Че он на нее ругаться стал?

40-я строка

-o smtp_fallback_relay=

оно и понятно, значение-то где ? =yes или no, что там надо ?

Решил пойти по пути наименьшего сопротивления и полностью переделать master.cf


user1@mainsrv:/etc/postfix# cat /etc/postfix/master.cf
#
# Postfix master process configuration file. For details on the format
# of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: «man 5 master»).
#
# Do not forget to execute «postfix reload» after editing this file.
#
# ==========================================================================
# service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args
# (yes) (yes) (yes) (never) (100)
# ==========================================================================
smtp inet n - - - - smtpd
#submission inet n - - - - smtpd
# -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
# -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
# -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#smtps inet n - - - - smtpd
# -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes
# -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
# -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#628 inet n - - - - qmqpd
pickup fifo n - - 60 1 pickup
cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup
qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 qmgr
#qmgr fifo n - - 300 1 oqmgr
tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr
rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite
bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce
defer unix - - - - 0 bounce
trace unix - - - - 0 bounce
verify unix - - - - 1 verify
flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush
proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap
proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap
smtp unix - - - - - smtp
# When relaying mail as backup MX, disable fallback_relay to avoid MX loops
relay unix - - - - - smtp
-o smtp_fallback_relay=
# -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5
showq unix n - - - - showq
error unix - - - - - error
retry unix - - - - - error
discard unix - - - - - discard
local unix - n n - - local
virtual unix - n n - - virtual
lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp
anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil
scache unix - - - - 1 scache
#
# ====================================================================
# Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual
# pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants.
#
# Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery
# agent. See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient}
# and other message envelope options.
# ====================================================================
#
# maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details.
# Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
maildrop unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
#
# See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details.
#
uucp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient)
#
# Other external delivery methods.
#
ifmail unix - n n - - pipe
flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient)
bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient
scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe
flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension}
mailman unix - n n - - pipe
flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py
${nexthop} ${user}


И опять какие-то ошибки.


Jun 24 16:20:07 mainsrv postfix/cleanup[17777]: fatal: open database /etc/postfix/sender_bcc_maps.db: No such file or directory
Jun 24 16:20:08 mainsrv postfix/master[17773]: warning: process /usr/lib/postfix/cleanup pid 17777 exit status 1
Jun 24 16:20:08 mainsrv postfix/master[17773]: warning: /usr/lib/postfix/cleanup: bad command startup — throttling

а что сделали с main.cf ? Там есть такое:

sender_bcc_maps = hash:/usr/local/etc/postfix/sender_bcc_map

И таки да, RTFM. И гугел в помощь.

Кстати, а какие ошибки были в том конфиге после исправления в 40-й строке ?

вернее в Вашем случае

sender_bcc_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sender_bcc_map 

Вот в вашем самом первом конфиге вижу эту строку. Видимо, Вы его тоже переделали, верните :)

main.cf не менял. Как было так и осталось. Но вопрос открытия 25 порта решился. Порт открылся. Но почему-то почта не ходит.

в логах что ?

/var/log/mail.log
/var/log/mail.err
/var/log/syslog

/var/log/syslog

Jun 24 18:08:37 mainsrv postfix/master[19016]: terminating on signal 15
Jun 24 18:08:37 mainsrv postfix/master[19321]: daemon started — version 2.7.0, configuration /etc/postfix
Jun 24 18:08:37 mainsrv postfix/cleanup[19325]: fatal: open database /etc/postfix/sender_bcc_maps.db: No such file or directory
Jun 24 18:08:38 mainsrv postfix/master[19321]: warning: process /usr/lib/postfix/cleanup pid 19325 exit status 1
Jun 24 18:08:38 mainsrv postfix/master[19321]: warning: /usr/lib/postfix/cleanup: bad command startup — throttling

Мой main.cf


biff = no
append_dot_mydomain = no
readme_directory = no

alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases

# Virtual mailbox settings
virtual_mailbox_base = /var/mail
virtual_mailbox_domains = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_domains_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_maps = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_maps.cf
virtual_alias_maps = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_limit_maps = proxy:mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_mailbox_limit_maps.cf

# Network settings
mydomain = blabla.net
myhostname = balabla.net
myorigin = $mydomain
#mydestination = $myhostname, localhost, localhost.$myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, $mydomain, 063.su, furgonz.ru, domain.net
mydestination = $myhostname, localhost, localhost.$myhostname, localhost.$mydomain
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8, 192.168.1.0/24
smtp_helo_name=$myhostname
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP Mail Server
inet_protocols = ipv4
inet_interfaces = all

# Dovecot transport
mailbox_transport = dovecot
mailbox_command = /usr/lib/dovecot/deliver
dovecot_destination_recipient_limit = 1
virtual_transport = dovecot

# Mailbox settings
mailbox_size_limit = 1024000000
message_size_limit = 10240000
virtual_mailbox_base = /var/mail
recipient_delimiter = +

# Restrictions

smtpd_client_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,
check_client_access = mysql:/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf,
#reject_unknown_client =_hostname,
#reject_unauth_pipelining
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = check_policy_service inet:127.0.0.1:10001,
#permit_mynetworks,
#reject_unauth_destination,
#reject_invalid_hostname,
#reject_non_fqdn_hostname,
#reject_non_fqdn_sender,
#reject_non_fqdn_recipient,
#reject_unknown_sender_domain,
#reject_unknown_recipient_domain,
#reject_unauth_pipelining,
#permit_auth_destination,
#reject_unlisted_recipient,
#reject_unauth_destination,
#reject_rbl_client opm.blitzed.org,
#reject_rbl_client list.dsbl.org,
#reject_rbl_client zen.spamhaus.org,
#reject_rbl_client dul.dnsbl.sorbs.net,
#reject_rbl_client dnsbl.njabl.org,
#reject_rbl_client dynablock.njabl.org,
#reject_rbl_client bl.spamcop.net,
#reject_rbl_client bl.csma.biz,
#reject_rbl_client dnsbl.sorbs.net,
#reject_rbl_client smtp.dnsbl.sorbs.net,
#reject_rbl_client combined.njabl.org,
#reject_rbl_client rbl.majordomo.ru,
smtpd_sender_restrictions = check_policy_service inet:127.0.0.1:10001,
#permit_mynetworks,
check_sender_access = hash:/etc/postfix/sender_access,
# reject_unknown_sender_domain,
# reject_unlisted_sender,
# reject_non_fqdn_sender
smtpd_helo_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,
check_helo_access = hash:/etc/postfix/helo_access,
#reject_invalid_helo_hostname,
#reject_unknown_helo_hostname,
#reject_non_fqdn_helo_hostname
smtpd_data_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,
#reject_multi_recipient_bounce,
#reject_unauth_pipelining

smtpd_etrn_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,reject
header_checks = regexp:/etc/postfix/header_checks
sender_bcc_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sender_bcc_maps
#recipient_bcc_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/recipient_bcc_maps
strict_rfc821_envelopes = yes
smtpd_reject_unlisted_sender = yes
smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=yes
disable_vrfy_command = yes
show_user_unknown_table_name = no
smtpd_helo_required = yes
smtp_always_send_ehlo = yes
smtp_never_send_ehlo=no
smtpd_delay_reject=no
address_verify_sender= <>
address_verify_negative_cache=yes
address_verify_poll_count=1
address_verify_positive_expire_time=31d
address_verify_positive_refresh_time=7d
address_verife_negative_expire_time=3d
address_verify_negative_refresh_time=3h
resolve_null_domain=no
resolve_numeric_domain=no
smtpd_recipient_limit = 100
smtp_quote_rfc821_envelope=yes
smtpd_soft_error_limit = 2
smtpd_error_sleep_time = ${stress?0}${stress:10s}
smtpd_hard_error_limit = ${stress?3}${stress:20}
smtpd_timeout = 5m
# Timeouts RFC 2821
smtpd_timeout = 5m
smtpd_starttls_timeout=5m
smtp_mail_timeout=5m
smtp_rcpt_timeout=5m
smtp_data_init_timeout=2m
smtp_data_xfer_timeout=3m
smtp_data_done_timeout=10m
maximal_queue_lifetime=4d
bounce_queue_lifetime=4d
queue_run_delay=30m
minimal_backoff_time=3h
maximal_backoff_time=5h
# Amavis
content_filter = smtp-amavis:[127.0.0.1]:10024

Мой master.cf

#
# Postfix master process configuration file. For details on the format
# of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: «man 5 master»).
#
# Do not forget to execute «postfix reload» after editing this file.
#
# ==========================================================================
# service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args
# (yes) (yes) (yes) (never) (100)
# ==========================================================================
smtp inet n - - - - smtpd
#submission inet n - - - - smtpd
# -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
# -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
# -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#smtps inet n - - - - smtpd
# -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes
# -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
# -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
# -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#628 inet n - - - - qmqpd
pickup fifo n - - 60 1 pickup
cleanup unix n - - - 0 cleanup
qmgr fifo n - n 300 1 qmgr
#qmgr fifo n - - 300 1 oqmgr
tlsmgr unix - - - 1000? 1 tlsmgr
rewrite unix - - - - - trivial-rewrite
bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce
defer unix - - - - 0 bounce
trace unix - - - - 0 bounce
verify unix - - - - 1 verify
flush unix n - - 1000? 0 flush
proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap
proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap
smtp unix - - - - - smtp
# When relaying mail as backup MX, disable fallback_relay to avoid MX loops
relay unix - - - - - smtp
-o smtp_fallback_relay=
# -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5
showq unix n - - - - showq
error unix - - - - - error
retry unix - - - - - error
discard unix - - - - - discard
local unix - n n - - local
virtual unix - n n - - virtual
lmtp unix - - - - - lmtp
anvil unix - - - - 1 anvil
scache unix - - - - 1 scache
#
# ====================================================================
# Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual
# pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants.
#
# Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery
# agent. See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient}
# and other message envelope options.
# ====================================================================
#
# maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details.
# Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
maildrop unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
#
# See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details.
#
uucp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient)
#
# Other external delivery methods.
#
ifmail unix - n n - - pipe
flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient)
bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe
flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient
scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe
flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension}
mailman unix - n n - - pipe
flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py
${nexthop} ${user}
# delivery through dovecot
dovecot unix - n n - - pipe
flags=DRhu user=mail:mail argv=/usr/lib/dovecot/deliver -d $(recipient)

лол
написно же в логе
touch /etc/postfix/sender_bcc_maps
postmap /etc/postfix/sender_bcc_maps
service postfix restart

и вообще зачем использовать что ли бо если не известно что это? или просто тупо копирование конфига???