A truth test for randomness

А взять какой-нибудь радиоактивный элемент и считать его распады за рандом не катит уже?

Да кому это надо, вот уникальный действительно нужен.

есть ли в реальном мире действительно независимые события?

Ъ

According to quantum mechanics, it is impossible to predict with certainty how a quantum particle will behave; so, in theory, choosing binary digits based on the path chosen by, say, photons that meet a two-way crossroads should ensure randomness. In practice, however, there's no way to confirm that even these digits are truly random, says Acín. For instance, there may be faults in the apparatus that subtly bias the way that the photons move.

To get round this problem, Acín and his colleagues have devised a test of true randomness that harks back to historic experiments on the nature of quantum mechanics first proposed by physicist John Bell in the 1960s. Bell wanted to confirm that classical physics cannot explain the strange properties exhibited by 'entangled particles', which are linked such that measuring one immediately affects the state of its partner. Bell calculated the maximum possible level of correlation between two particles in any classical system. Later experiments have repeatedly confirmed that entangled particles exceed this maximum limit, defying classical physics. Slow but sure

Acín and his colleagues have now shown that there is a direct relationship between the degree of true randomness in a system and the extent to which Bell's limit is broken by entangled particles. They prepared a true random-number generator that spits out binary digits on the basis of repeated quantum measurements of an ytterbium ion, which could either be in a high or low energy level. To verify true randomness, two such ions were entangled, and the energy levels of both were measured to confirm that they were correlated beyond Bell's bound. «Violating Bell's bound confirms that the technique successfully exploits a genuine random quantum process,» says Acín. «You can then read off a string of digits based on the energy levels of ion number 1 and know that it will give you truly random numbers.» In this week's Nature1 the team reports generating 42 truly random numbers.

По-настоящему случайных событий нет.

Вот тут перевод http://science.compulenta.ru/524030/

баланс между случайностью и стоимостью...