Совет по настройки Debian 9.5 после установки.

cat /etc/apt/sources.list
lspci | grep -i vga
lspci | grep -ie wifi -ie wireless
lsusb | grep -ie wifi -ie wireless

alexandr-7@Alexandr-7:~$ lspci | grep -i vga
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation HD Graphics 520 (rev 07)
alexandr-7@Alexandr-7:~$ lspci | grep -ie wifi -ie wireless
02:00.0 Network controller: Qualcomm Atheros QCA9377 802.11ac Wireless Network Adapter (rev 30)
alexandr-7@Alexandr-7:~$ lsusb | grep -ie wifi -ie wireless
alexandr-7@Alexandr-7:~$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list
# 

# deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 9.5.0 _Stretch_ - Official amd64 NETINST 20180714-10:25]/ stretch main contrib non-free

#deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 9.5.0 _Stretch_ - Official amd64 NETINST 20180714-10:25]/ stretch main contrib non-free

deb http://ftp.ru.debian.org/debian/ stretch main contrib non-free
deb-src http://ftp.ru.debian.org/debian/ stretch main contrib non-free

deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates main contrib non-free

# stretch-updates, previously known as 'volatile'
deb http://ftp.ru.debian.org/debian/ stretch-updates main contrib non-free
deb-src http://ftp.ru.debian.org/debian/ stretch-updates main contrib non-free

deb http://mirror.yandex.ru/debian stretch-backports main contrib non-free
deb-src http://mirror.yandex.ru/debian stretch-backports main contrib non-free
alexandr-7@Alexandr-7:~$ 

03:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GM108M [GeForce 920MX] (rev a2)
alexandr-7@Alexandr-7:~$ 

apt install -t stretch-backports firmware-atheros

apt install -t stretch-backports nvidia-driver
apt install bumblebee-nvidia primus

apt install -t stretch-backports firmware-linux-nonfree

sudo apt install aptitude

aptitude search firmware

sudo aptitude install <firmware-name>

aptitude search sddm-theme

sudo aptitude install <preferred-sddm-theme>

update-alternatives --get-selections

sudo update-alternatives --config sddm-debian-theme

E: Значение «stretch-backports» недопустимо для APT::Default-Release, так как выпуск недоступен в источниках

sed -i 's/mirror.yandex.ru/ftp.ru.debian.org/g' /etc/apt/sources.list && apt update

sudo apt install nvidia-driver

apt install nvidia-driver

root@Alexandr-7:/home/alexandr-7# sed -i 's/mirror.yandex.ru/ftp.ru.debian.org/g' /etc/apt/sources.list && apt update
Сущ:1 http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates InRelease
Игн:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch InRelease
Сущ:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch-updates InRelease         
Сущ:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch Release                   
Чтение списков пакетов… Готово
Построение дерева зависимостей       
Чтение информации о состоянии… Готово
Все пакеты имеют последние версии.
root@Alexandr-7:/home/alexandr-7# apt install -t stretch-backports nvidia-driver
Чтение списков пакетов… Готово
E: Значение «stretch-backports» недопустимо для APT::Default-Release, так как выпуск недоступен в источниках
root@Alexandr-7:/home/alexandr-7#

Загружен конфликтующий модуль ядра nouveau                                                                                │ 
                │                                                                                                                           │ 
                │ В данный момент в систему загружен свободный модуль ядра nouveau, который конфликтует с несвободным модулем ядра nvidia.  │ 
                │                                                                                                                           │ 
                │ Чтобы исправить это, просто перезапустите компьютер после завершения установки.

apt remove --purge -y stretch-backports nvidia-driver && apt install -f && apt autoremove --purge -y && reboot

apt install -t stretch-backports firmware-atheros

apt install bumblebee-nvidia primus

sed -i 's/KernelDriver=nvidia/KernelDriver=nvidia-current/g' /etc/bumblebee/bumblebee.conf && reboot

apt install -t stretch-backports nvidia-drive
apt install bumblebee-nvidia primus

sed -i 's/KernelDriver=nvidia/KernelDriver=nvidia-current/g' /etc/bumblebee/bumblebee.conf && reboot

cat /etc/bumblebee/bumblebee.conf

# Configuration file for Bumblebee. Values should **not** be put between quotes

## Server options. Any change made in this section will need a server restart
# to take effect.
[bumblebeed]
# The secondary Xorg server DISPLAY number
VirtualDisplay=:8
# Should the unused Xorg server be kept running? Set this to true if waiting
# for X to be ready is too long and don't need power management at all.
KeepUnusedXServer=false
# The name of the Bumbleblee server group name (GID name)
ServerGroup=bumblebee
# Card power state at exit. Set to false if the card shoud be ON when Bumblebee
# server exits.
TurnCardOffAtExit=false
# The default behavior of '-f' option on optirun. If set to "true", '-f' will
# be ignored.
NoEcoModeOverride=false
# The Driver used by Bumblebee server. If this value is not set (or empty),
# auto-detection is performed. The available drivers are nvidia and nouveau
# (See also the driver-specific sections below)
Driver=
# Directory with a dummy config file to pass as a -configdir to secondary X
XorgConfDir=/etc/bumblebee/xorg.conf.d
# Xorg binary to run
XorgBinary=/usr/lib/xorg/Xorg

## Client options. Will take effect on the next optirun executed.
[optirun]
# Acceleration/ rendering bridge, possible values are auto, virtualgl and
# primus.
Bridge=auto
# The method used for VirtualGL to transport frames between X servers.
# Possible values are proxy, jpeg, rgb, xv and yuv.
VGLTransport=proxy
# List of paths which are searched for the primus libGL.so.1 when using
# the primus bridge
PrimusLibraryPath=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/primus:/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/primus:/usr/lib/primus:/usr/lib32/primus
# Should the program run under optirun even if Bumblebee server or nvidia card
# is not available?
AllowFallbackToIGC=false


# Driver-specific settings are grouped under [driver-NAME]. The sections are
# parsed if the Driver setting in [bumblebeed] is set to NAME (or if auto-
# detection resolves to NAME).
# PMMethod: method to use for saving power by disabling the nvidia card, valid
# values are: auto - automatically detect which PM method to use
#         bbswitch - new in BB 3, recommended if available
#       switcheroo - vga_switcheroo method, use at your own risk
#             none - disable PM completely
# https://github.com/Bumblebee-Project/Bumblebee/wiki/Comparison-of-PM-methods

## Section with nvidia driver specific options, only parsed if Driver=nvidia
[driver-nvidia]
# Module name to load, defaults to Driver if empty or unset
KernelDriver=nvidia-current-current
PMMethod=auto
# colon-separated path to the nvidia libraries
LibraryPath=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/nvidia:/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/nvidia:/usr/lib/nvidia
# comma-separated path of the directory containing nvidia_drv.so and the
# default Xorg modules path
XorgModulePath=/usr/lib/nvidia/nvidia,/usr/lib/xorg/modules
XorgConfFile=/etc/bumblebee/xorg.conf.nvidia

## Section with nouveau driver specific options, only parsed if Driver=nouveau
[driver-nouveau]
KernelDriver=nouveau
PMMethod=auto
XorgConfFile=/etc/bumblebee/xorg.conf.nouveau

sed -i 's/KernelDriver=nvidia-current-current/KernelDriver=nvidia/g' /etc/bumblebee/bumblebee.conf && reboot